diff --git a/pandora/annotation/managers.py b/pandora/annotation/managers.py
index 3b6ee2fe..e243cd16 100644
--- a/pandora/annotation/managers.py
+++ b/pandora/annotation/managers.py
@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 import unicodedata
 
-from six import string_types
 from django.db.models import Q, Manager
 from oxdjango.query import QuerySet
 
@@ -68,7 +67,7 @@ def parseCondition(condition, user):
     else:
         key = k + get_operator(op, 'istr' if k in case_insensitive_keys else 'str')
     key = str(key)
-    if isinstance(v, string_types):
+    if isinstance(v, str):
         v = unicodedata.normalize('NFKD', v)
         if k not in case_sensitive_keys:
             v = v.lower()
diff --git a/pandora/app/config.py b/pandora/app/config.py
index 93714552..3bb7cc72 100644
--- a/pandora/app/config.py
+++ b/pandora/app/config.py
@@ -9,8 +9,8 @@ import sys
 import time
 from os.path import dirname, exists, join
 from glob import glob
+import _thread as thread
 
-from six.moves import _thread as thread
 from django.conf import settings
 from django.contrib.auth import get_user_model
 
diff --git a/pandora/app/views.py b/pandora/app/views.py
index 1ebc219c..5c76b8ec 100644
--- a/pandora/app/views.py
+++ b/pandora/app/views.py
@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@
 import copy
 from datetime import datetime
 
-from six import string_types
 from django.shortcuts import render, redirect
 from django.conf import settings
 from django.http import HttpResponse
@@ -113,7 +112,7 @@ def getPage(request, data):
     }
     see: editPage
     '''
-    if isinstance(data, string_types):
+    if isinstance(data, str):
         name = data
     else:
         name = data['name']
diff --git a/pandora/archive/extract.py b/pandora/archive/extract.py
index 875759d4..dcb9bdcf 100644
--- a/pandora/archive/extract.py
+++ b/pandora/archive/extract.py
@@ -12,7 +12,6 @@ import shutil
 from distutils.spawn import find_executable
 from glob import glob
 
-from six import string_types
 import numpy as np
 import ox
 import ox.image
@@ -463,7 +462,7 @@ def timeline(video, prefix, modes=None, size=None):
         modes = ['antialias', 'slitscan', 'keyframes', 'audio', 'data']
     if size is None:
         size = [64, 16]
-    if isinstance(video, string_types):
+    if isinstance(video, str):
         video = [video]
     cmd = ['../bin/oxtimelines',
            '-s', ','.join(map(str, reversed(sorted(size)))),
diff --git a/pandora/archive/models.py b/pandora/archive/models.py
index 391393ca..05882c40 100644
--- a/pandora/archive/models.py
+++ b/pandora/archive/models.py
@@ -6,7 +6,6 @@ import shutil
 import tempfile
 import time
 
-from six import string_types, PY2
 from django.conf import settings
 from django.contrib.auth import get_user_model
 from django.db import models
@@ -28,9 +27,6 @@ from . import managers
 
 User = get_user_model()
 
-if not PY2:
-    unicode = str
-
 def data_path(f, x):
     return f.get_path('data.bin')
 
@@ -165,7 +161,7 @@ class File(models.Model):
         if self.item:
             for key in self.ITEM_INFO:
                 data[key] = self.item.get(key)
-                if isinstance(data[key], string_types):
+                if isinstance(data[key], str):
                     data[key] = ox.decode_html(data[key])
                 elif isinstance(data[key], list):
                     data[key] = [ox.decode_html(e) for e in data[key]]
@@ -259,8 +255,8 @@ class File(models.Model):
             data = self.get_path_info()
             self.extension = data.get('extension')
             self.language = data.get('language')
-            self.part = ox.sort_string(unicode(data.get('part') or ''))
-            self.part_title = ox.sort_string(unicode(data.get('partTitle')) or '')
+            self.part = ox.sort_string(str(data.get('part') or ''))
+            self.part_title = ox.sort_string(str(data.get('partTitle')) or '')
             self.type = data.get('type') or 'unknown'
             self.version = data.get('version')
 
diff --git a/pandora/archive/tasks.py b/pandora/archive/tasks.py
index 8013d1ff..022cd377 100644
--- a/pandora/archive/tasks.py
+++ b/pandora/archive/tasks.py
@@ -2,7 +2,6 @@
 
 from glob import glob
 
-from six import string_types
 from celery.task import task
 from django.conf import settings
 from django.db.models import Q
@@ -219,7 +218,7 @@ def move_media(data, user):
         data['public_id'] = data.pop('item').strip()
         if not is_imdb_id(data['public_id']):
             del data['public_id']
-            if 'director' in data and isinstance(data['director'], string_types):
+            if 'director' in data and isinstance(data['director'], str):
                 if data['director'] == '':
                     data['director'] = []
                 else:
diff --git a/pandora/archive/views.py b/pandora/archive/views.py
index c7d80ff0..848bfc7e 100644
--- a/pandora/archive/views.py
+++ b/pandora/archive/views.py
@@ -7,7 +7,6 @@ from django.shortcuts import get_object_or_404, redirect, render
 from django.conf import settings
 from django.db.models import Count, Q
 
-from six import string_types
 from celery.utils import get_full_cls_name
 from celery._state import current_app
 import ox
@@ -555,7 +554,7 @@ def getPath(request, data):
     '''
     response = json_response()
     ids = data['id']
-    if isinstance(ids, string_types):
+    if isinstance(ids, str):
         ids = [ids]
     for f in models.File.objects.filter(oshash__in=ids).values('path', 'oshash').order_by('sort_path'):
         response['data'][f['oshash']] = f['path']
diff --git a/pandora/clip/managers.py b/pandora/clip/managers.py
index 52f18e5d..eb7c6ca9 100644
--- a/pandora/clip/managers.py
+++ b/pandora/clip/managers.py
@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 import unicodedata
 
-from six import string_types
 from django.db.models import Q, Manager
 from django.conf import settings
 
@@ -78,7 +77,7 @@ def parseCondition(condition, user):
     else:
         key = k + get_operator(op, 'istr' if k in case_insensitive_keys else 'str')
     key = str(key)
-    if isinstance(v, string_types) and op != '===':
+    if isinstance(v, str) and op != '===':
         v = unicodedata.normalize('NFKD', v).lower()
     if exclude:
         q = ~Q(**{key: v})
@@ -155,7 +154,7 @@ class ClipManager(Manager):
         def parse(condition):
             key = 'findvalue' + get_operator(condition.get('operator', ''))
             v = condition['value']
-            if isinstance(v, string_types):
+            if isinstance(v, str):
                 v = unicodedata.normalize('NFKD', v).lower()
             q = Q(**{key: v})
             if condition['key'] in layer_ids:
diff --git a/pandora/document/managers.py b/pandora/document/managers.py
index fb862f79..4210cd62 100644
--- a/pandora/document/managers.py
+++ b/pandora/document/managers.py
@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 import unicodedata
 
-from six import string_types
 from django.db.models import Q, Manager
 from django.conf import settings
 
@@ -152,7 +151,7 @@ def buildCondition(k, op, v, user, exclude=False, owner=None):
             value_key = 'find__value'
         else:
             value_key = k
-        if isinstance(v, string_types):
+        if isinstance(v, str):
             v = unicodedata.normalize('NFKD', v).lower()
         if k in facet_keys:
             in_find = False
diff --git a/pandora/document/models.py b/pandora/document/models.py
index a5a4f6b4..e2501244 100644
--- a/pandora/document/models.py
+++ b/pandora/document/models.py
@@ -1,12 +1,11 @@
 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 
+from glob import glob
+from urllib.parse import quote, unquote
 import os
 import re
-from glob import glob
 import unicodedata
 
-from six import PY2, string_types
-from six.moves.urllib.parse import quote, unquote
 from django.db import models, transaction
 from django.db.models import Q, Sum, Max
 from django.contrib.auth import get_user_model
@@ -34,9 +33,6 @@ from .fulltext import FulltextMixin
 
 User = get_user_model()
 
-if not PY2:
-    unicode = str
-
 def get_path(f, x):
     return f.path(x)
 
@@ -88,7 +84,7 @@ class Document(models.Model, FulltextMixin):
             if not current_values:
                 current_values = []
             else:
-                current_values = [unicode(current_values)]
+                current_values = [str(current_values)]
 
         filter_map = utils.get_by_id(settings.CONFIG['documentKeys'], key).get('filterMap')
         if filter_map:
@@ -139,7 +135,7 @@ class Document(models.Model, FulltextMixin):
                 f, created = Find.objects.get_or_create(document=self, key=key)
                 if isinstance(value, bool):
                     value = value and 'true' or 'false'
-                if isinstance(value, string_types):
+                if isinstance(value, str):
                     value = ox.decode_html(ox.strip_tags(value.strip()))
                     value = unicodedata.normalize('NFKD', value).lower()
                 f.value = value
@@ -197,7 +193,7 @@ class Document(models.Model, FulltextMixin):
             return sort_value.lower()
 
         def set_value(s, name, value):
-            if isinstance(value, string_types):
+            if isinstance(value, str):
                 value = ox.decode_html(value.lower())
                 if not value:
                     value = None
@@ -259,7 +255,7 @@ class Document(models.Model, FulltextMixin):
                     set_value(s, name, value)
                 elif sort_type == 'date':
                     value = self.get_value(source)
-                    if isinstance(value, string_types):
+                    if isinstance(value, str):
                         value = datetime_safe.datetime.strptime(value, '%Y-%m-%d')
                     set_value(s, name, value)
         s.save()
@@ -370,11 +366,11 @@ class Document(models.Model, FulltextMixin):
                     self.data[key] = [ox.sanitize_html(t) for t in data[key]]
                 elif ktype == '[string]':
                     self.data[key] = [ox.escape_html(t) for t in data[key]]
-                elif isinstance(data[key], string_types):
+                elif isinstance(data[key], str):
                     self.data[key] = ox.escape_html(data[key])
                 elif isinstance(data[key], list):
                     def cleanup(i):
-                        if isinstance(i, string_types):
+                        if isinstance(i, str):
                             i = ox.escape_html(i)
                         return i
                     self.data[key] = [cleanup(i) for i in data[key]]
@@ -480,7 +476,7 @@ class Document(models.Model, FulltextMixin):
         if self.extension == 'html':
             response['text'] = self.data.get('text', '')
         if item:
-            if isinstance(item, string_types):
+            if isinstance(item, str):
                 item = Item.objects.get(public_id=item)
             d = self.descriptions.filter(item=item)
             if d.exists():
diff --git a/pandora/document/views.py b/pandora/document/views.py
index 0798913a..84279ac9 100644
--- a/pandora/document/views.py
+++ b/pandora/document/views.py
@@ -5,7 +5,6 @@ import re
 from glob import glob
 import unicodedata
 
-from six import string_types
 import ox
 from ox.utils import json
 from oxdjango.api import actions
@@ -70,7 +69,7 @@ def addDocument(request, data):
         else:
             ids = [data['id']]
         if 'item' in data:
-            if isinstance(data['item'], string_types):
+            if isinstance(data['item'], str):
                 item = Item.objects.get(public_id=data['item'])
                 if item.editable(request.user):
                     for id in ids:
@@ -87,7 +86,7 @@ def addDocument(request, data):
                             document.add(item)
                 add_changelog(request, data, data['item'])
         elif 'entity' in data:
-            if isinstance(data['entity'], string_types):
+            if isinstance(data['entity'], str):
                 entity = Entity.get(data['entity'])
                 if entity.editable(request.user):
                     for id in ids:
diff --git a/pandora/edit/models.py b/pandora/edit/models.py
index 9d22247d..d71525a0 100644
--- a/pandora/edit/models.py
+++ b/pandora/edit/models.py
@@ -1,13 +1,13 @@
 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 
-import re
-import os
-import shutil
 from glob import glob
+from urllib.parse import quote
+import os
+import re
+import shutil
 import subprocess
 import tempfile
 
-from six.moves.urllib.parse import quote
 import ox
 from django.conf import settings
 from django.db import models, transaction
diff --git a/pandora/entity/models.py b/pandora/entity/models.py
index c39baccb..e97a6963 100644
--- a/pandora/entity/models.py
+++ b/pandora/entity/models.py
@@ -1,12 +1,11 @@
 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 
+from glob import glob
+from urllib.parse import quote, unquote
 import os
 import re
-from glob import glob
 import unicodedata
 
-from six import string_types
-from six.moves.urllib.parse import quote, unquote
 from django.db import models, transaction
 from django.db.models import Max
 from django.contrib.auth import get_user_model
@@ -188,7 +187,7 @@ class Entity(models.Model):
                     .delete()
             else:
                 #FIXME: more data validation
-                if isinstance(data[key], string_types):
+                if isinstance(data[key], str):
                     self.data[key] = ox.sanitize_html(data[key])
                 else:
                     self.data[key] = data[key]
@@ -275,7 +274,7 @@ class Entity(models.Model):
                 f, created = Find.objects.get_or_create(entity=self, key=key)
                 if isinstance(value, bool):
                     value = value and 'true' or 'false'
-                if isinstance(value, string_types):
+                if isinstance(value, str):
                     value = ox.decode_html(ox.strip_tags(value.strip()))
                     value = unicodedata.normalize('NFKD', value).lower()
                 f.value = value
diff --git a/pandora/entity/views.py b/pandora/entity/views.py
index 483bf1a9..b1e2d7e2 100644
--- a/pandora/entity/views.py
+++ b/pandora/entity/views.py
@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 
-from six import string_types
 import ox
 from ox.utils import json
 from oxdjango.api import actions
@@ -69,7 +68,7 @@ def addEntity(request, data):
             for key in ('type', 'alternativeNames'):
                 if key in data and data[key]:
                     value = data[key]
-                    if isinstance(value, string_types):
+                    if isinstance(value, str):
                         value = ox.escape_html(value)
                     if key == 'alternativeNames':
                         value = tuple([ox.escape_html(v) for v in value])
diff --git a/pandora/event/managers.py b/pandora/event/managers.py
index 8dcec385..aed5533c 100644
--- a/pandora/event/managers.py
+++ b/pandora/event/managers.py
@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 import unicodedata
 
-from six import string_types
 from django.db.models import Q, Manager
 
 from oxdjango.query import QuerySet
@@ -30,7 +29,7 @@ def parseCondition(condition, user):
 
     key = k + get_operator(op, 'istr')
     key = str(key)
-    if isinstance(v, string_types):
+    if isinstance(v, str):
         v = unicodedata.normalize('NFKD', v).lower()
     if exclude:
         q = ~Q(**{k: v})
diff --git a/pandora/event/views.py b/pandora/event/views.py
index d4d63e6d..a535619f 100644
--- a/pandora/event/views.py
+++ b/pandora/event/views.py
@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@
 from django.db.models import Count
 from django.conf import settings
 
-from six import string_types
 import ox
 from ox.utils import json
 
@@ -47,7 +46,7 @@ def addEvent(request, data):
                     'type', 'alternativeNames'):
             if key in data and data[key]:
                 value = data[key]
-                if isinstance(value, string_types):
+                if isinstance(value, str):
                     value = ox.escape_html(value)
                 if key == 'alternativeNames':
                     value = tuple([ox.escape_html(v) for v in value])
@@ -101,7 +100,7 @@ def editEvent(request, data):
                         'type', 'alternativeNames'):
                 if key in data:
                     value = data[key]
-                    if isinstance(value, string_types):
+                    if isinstance(value, str):
                         value = ox.escape_html(value)
                     if key == 'alternativeNames':
                         value = tuple([ox.escape_html(v) for v in value])
diff --git a/pandora/home/models.py b/pandora/home/models.py
index 49b08f73..72a06c03 100644
--- a/pandora/home/models.py
+++ b/pandora/home/models.py
@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 
-from six import string_types
-from six.moves.urllib.parse import quote
+from urllib.parse import quote
 
 from django.db import models
 from django.db.models import Max
@@ -43,7 +42,7 @@ class Item(models.Model):
                             len([d for d in data[key] if isinstance(d, int)]) == 4):
                         return False
                 else:
-                    if not isinstance(data[key], string_types):
+                    if not isinstance(data[key], str):
                         return False
                 self.data[key] = data[key]
                 if key == 'contentid' and self.data[key]:
diff --git a/pandora/item/managers.py b/pandora/item/managers.py
index bcb1d8cc..654f1dfe 100644
--- a/pandora/item/managers.py
+++ b/pandora/item/managers.py
@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@
 from datetime import datetime
 import unicodedata
 
-from six import string_types
 from django.db.models import Q, Manager
 from django.conf import settings
 
@@ -123,7 +122,7 @@ def parseCondition(condition, user, owner=None):
         else:
             value_key = k
         if not k.startswith('public_id'):
-            if isinstance(v, string_types):
+            if isinstance(v, str):
                 v = unicodedata.normalize('NFKD', v).lower()
         if k in facet_keys:
             in_find = False
diff --git a/pandora/item/models.py b/pandora/item/models.py
index 0519584d..1733e896 100644
--- a/pandora/item/models.py
+++ b/pandora/item/models.py
@@ -10,9 +10,7 @@ import unicodedata
 import uuid
 from datetime import datetime
 from glob import glob
-
-from six import PY2, string_types
-from six.moves.urllib.parse import quote
+from urllib.parse import quote
 
 from django.conf import settings
 from django.contrib.auth import get_user_model
@@ -46,8 +44,6 @@ import archive.models
 
 User = get_user_model()
 
-if not PY2:
-    unicode = str
 
 def get_id(info):
     q = Item.objects.all()
@@ -284,11 +280,11 @@ class Item(models.Model):
                     self.data[key] = [ox.escape_html(t) for t in data[key]]
                 elif key in ('episodeTitle', 'seriesTitle', 'episodeDirector', 'seriesYear'):
                     self.data[key] = ox.escape_html(data[key])
-                elif isinstance(data[key], string_types):
+                elif isinstance(data[key], str):
                     self.data[key] = ox.escape_html(data[key])
                 elif isinstance(data[key], list):
                     def cleanup(i):
-                        if isinstance(i, string_types):
+                        if isinstance(i, str):
                             i = ox.escape_html(i)
                         return i
                     self.data[key] = [cleanup(i) for i in data[key]]
@@ -329,7 +325,7 @@ class Item(models.Model):
         if c:
             for t in list(c):
                 if c[t]:
-                    if isinstance(c[t][0], string_types):
+                    if isinstance(c[t][0], str):
                         c[t] = [{'id': i, 'title': None} for i in c[t]]
                     ids = [i['id'] for i in c[t]]
                     known = {}
@@ -626,7 +622,7 @@ class Item(models.Model):
                     if value:
                         i[key] = value
 
-        if 'cast' in i and isinstance(i['cast'][0], string_types):
+        if 'cast' in i and isinstance(i['cast'][0], str):
             i['cast'] = [i['cast']]
         if 'cast' in i and isinstance(i['cast'][0], list):
             i['cast'] = [{'actor': x[0], 'character': x[1]} for x in i['cast']]
@@ -797,7 +793,7 @@ class Item(models.Model):
                 f, created = ItemFind.objects.get_or_create(item=self, key=key)
                 if isinstance(value, bool):
                     value = value and 'true' or 'false'
-                if isinstance(value, string_types):
+                if isinstance(value, str):
                     value = ox.decode_html(ox.strip_tags(value.strip()))
                     value = unicodedata.normalize('NFKD', value).lower()
                 f.value = value
@@ -916,7 +912,7 @@ class Item(models.Model):
             return sort_value.lower()
 
         def set_value(s, name, value):
-            if isinstance(value, string_types):
+            if isinstance(value, str):
                 value = ox.decode_html(value.lower())
                 if not value:
                     value = None
@@ -1052,7 +1048,7 @@ class Item(models.Model):
                     set_value(s, name, value)
                 elif sort_type == 'date':
                     value = value_ = self.get(source)
-                    if isinstance(value, string_types):
+                    if isinstance(value, str):
                         value_ = None
                         for fmt in ('%Y-%m-%d', '%Y-%m', '%Y'):
                             try:
@@ -1091,7 +1087,7 @@ class Item(models.Model):
             if not current_values:
                 current_values = []
             else:
-                current_values = [unicode(current_values)]
+                current_values = [str(current_values)]
 
         filter_map = utils.get_by_id(settings.CONFIG['itemKeys'], key).get('filterMap')
         if filter_map:
diff --git a/pandora/item/tasks.py b/pandora/item/tasks.py
index 667e2867..27511acc 100644
--- a/pandora/item/tasks.py
+++ b/pandora/item/tasks.py
@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 
-import os
 from datetime import timedelta, datetime
+from urllib.parse import quote
 import gzip
+import os
 import random
 
-from six.moves.urllib.parse import quote
 from celery.task import task, periodic_task
 from django.conf import settings
 from django.db import connection, transaction
diff --git a/pandora/item/utils.py b/pandora/item/utils.py
index 24db30a3..fce7d724 100644
--- a/pandora/item/utils.py
+++ b/pandora/item/utils.py
@@ -6,7 +6,6 @@ import unicodedata
 
 import ox
 from ox import sort_string
-from six import PY2
 
 
 def safe_filename(filename):
@@ -92,11 +91,7 @@ def get_by_id(objects, id):
     return get_by_key(objects, 'id', id)
 
 def normalize_dict(encoding, data):
-    if PY2:
-        string_type = unicode
-    else:
-        string_type = str
-    if isinstance(data, string_type):
+    if isinstance(data, str):
         data = unicodedata.normalize(encoding, data)
     elif isinstance(data, dict):
         for key in data:
diff --git a/pandora/item/views.py b/pandora/item/views.py
index 6092aff4..23fadc29 100644
--- a/pandora/item/views.py
+++ b/pandora/item/views.py
@@ -1,13 +1,12 @@
 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 
-import os.path
+from datetime import datetime, timedelta
+from urllib.parse import quote, urlparse
 import mimetypes
+import os.path
 import random
 import time
-from datetime import datetime, timedelta
 
-from six import PY2
-from six.moves.urllib.parse import quote, urlparse
 from PIL import Image
 from django.db.models import Count, Sum
 from django.http import HttpResponse, HttpResponseForbidden, Http404
@@ -35,8 +34,6 @@ from changelog.models import add_changelog
 
 from oxdjango.api import actions
 
-if not PY2:
-    unicode = str
 
 def _order_query(qs, sort, prefix='sort__'):
     order_by = []
@@ -1280,7 +1277,7 @@ def atom_xml(request):
                     }.get(key, key))
                 if value and value != -1:
                     el = ET.SubElement(format, key)
-                    el.text = unicode(value)
+                    el.text = str(value)
         el = ET.SubElement(format, 'pixel_aspect_ratio')
         el.text = "1:1"
 
@@ -1357,7 +1354,7 @@ def oembed(request):
         oxml = ET.Element('oembed')
         for key in oembed:
             e = ET.SubElement(oxml, key)
-            e.text = unicode(oembed[key])
+            e.text = str(oembed[key])
         return HttpResponse(
             '<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" standalone="yes"?>\n' + ET.tostring(oxml).decode(),
             'application/xml'
@@ -1423,7 +1420,7 @@ def item_xml(request, id):
                         xmltree(root, k, data[k])
             else:
                 e = ET.SubElement(root, key)
-                e.text = unicode(data)
+                e.text = str(data)
 
         oxml = ET.Element('item')
         xmltree(oxml, 'item', j)
@@ -1483,7 +1480,7 @@ def item(request, id):
                 else:
                     title = key['title'] if key else k.capitalize()
                 if isinstance(value, list):
-                    value = value = ', '.join([unicode(v) for v in value])
+                    value = value = ', '.join([str(v) for v in value])
                 elif key and key.get('type') == 'float':
                     value = '%0.3f' % value
                 elif key and key.get('type') == 'time':
diff --git a/pandora/oxdjango/api/actions.py b/pandora/oxdjango/api/actions.py
index 95e1fe81..f8a91d3a 100644
--- a/pandora/oxdjango/api/actions.py
+++ b/pandora/oxdjango/api/actions.py
@@ -4,7 +4,6 @@ from __future__ import division, absolute_import
 import inspect
 import sys
 
-from six import PY2
 from django.conf import settings
 
 from ..shortcuts import render_to_json_response, json_response
@@ -109,12 +108,8 @@ class ApiActions(dict):
         if name != 'api' and hasattr(f, 'func_closure') and f.func_closure:
             fc = list(filter(lambda c: hasattr(c.cell_contents, '__call__'), f.func_closure))
             f = fc[len(fc)-1].cell_contents
-        if PY2:
-            info = f.func_code.co_filename[len(settings.PROJECT_ROOT)+1:]
-            info = '%s:%s' % (info, f.func_code.co_firstlineno)
-        else:
-            info = f.__code__.co_filename[len(settings.PROJECT_ROOT)+1:]
-            info = '%s:%s' % (info, f.__code__.co_firstlineno)
+        info = f.__code__.co_filename[len(settings.PROJECT_ROOT)+1:]
+        info = '%s:%s' % (info, f.__code__.co_firstlineno)
         return info, trim(inspect.getsource(f))
 
     def register(self, method, action=None, cache=True, version=None):
diff --git a/pandora/oxdjango/fields.py b/pandora/oxdjango/fields.py
index f3b66321..daebd27c 100644
--- a/pandora/oxdjango/fields.py
+++ b/pandora/oxdjango/fields.py
@@ -8,8 +8,6 @@ from django.utils import datetime_safe
 import django.contrib.postgres.fields
 from django.core.serializers.json import DjangoJSONEncoder
 
-from six import string_types
-
 from ox.utils import json
 
 class JSONField(django.contrib.postgres.fields.JSONField):
@@ -74,7 +72,7 @@ class DictField(models.TextField):
         except:
             raise Exception('failed to parse value: %s' % value)
         if value is not None:
-            if isinstance(value, string_types):
+            if isinstance(value, str):
                 value = json.loads(value)
             assert isinstance(value, self._type)
         return value
@@ -83,7 +81,7 @@ class DictField(models.TextField):
         if isinstance(value, self._type):
             value = self.dumps(value)
         if value is not None:
-            assert isinstance(value, string_types)
+            assert isinstance(value, str)
         value = models.TextField.get_prep_value(self, value)
         return value
 
diff --git a/pandora/oxdjango/http.py b/pandora/oxdjango/http.py
index 9bd252d2..38db62ac 100644
--- a/pandora/oxdjango/http.py
+++ b/pandora/oxdjango/http.py
@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
-import os
-import mimetypes
 from datetime import datetime, timedelta
-from six.moves.urllib.parse import quote
+from urllib.parse import quote
+import mimetypes
+import os
 
 from django.http import HttpResponse, Http404
 from django.conf import settings
diff --git a/pandora/person/managers.py b/pandora/person/managers.py
index 4c718e6f..90418746 100644
--- a/pandora/person/managers.py
+++ b/pandora/person/managers.py
@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 import unicodedata
 
-from six import string_types
 from django.db.models import Q, Manager
 
 from item.utils import decode_id
@@ -56,7 +55,7 @@ def parseCondition(condition, user):
     else:
         key = k + get_operator(op, 'istr')
     key = str(key)
-    if isinstance(v, string_types):
+    if isinstance(v, str):
         v = unicodedata.normalize('NFKD', v).lower()
     if exclude:
         q = ~Q(**{key: v})
diff --git a/pandora/place/managers.py b/pandora/place/managers.py
index 75d59b1d..cea3777c 100644
--- a/pandora/place/managers.py
+++ b/pandora/place/managers.py
@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 import unicodedata
 
-from six import string_types
 from django.db.models import Q, Manager
 
 from item.utils import decode_id
@@ -55,7 +54,7 @@ def parseCondition(condition, user):
         key = k + get_operator(op, 'istr')
 
     key = str(key)
-    if isinstance(v, string_types):
+    if isinstance(v, str):
         v = unicodedata.normalize('NFKD', v).lower()
 
     if exclude:
diff --git a/pandora/place/views.py b/pandora/place/views.py
index 662253c7..0c305d53 100644
--- a/pandora/place/views.py
+++ b/pandora/place/views.py
@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@
 from django.db.models import Max, Min, Count
 from django.conf import settings
 
-from six import string_types
 import ox
 from ox.utils import json
 
@@ -115,7 +114,7 @@ def editPlace(request, data):
     '''
     place = get_object_or_404_json(models.Place, pk=ox.fromAZ(data['id']))
     names = data.get('name', [])
-    if isinstance(names, string_types):
+    if isinstance(names, str):
         names = [names]
     names = [ox.escape_html(n) for n in names]
     alternative_names = [ox.escape_html(n) for n in data.get('alternativeNames', [])]
@@ -144,7 +143,7 @@ def editPlace(request, data):
             for key in data:
                 if key != 'id':
                     value = data[key]
-                    if isinstance(value, string_types):
+                    if isinstance(value, str):
                         value = ox.escape_html(value)
                     if isinstance(value, list):
                         value = tuple(value)
diff --git a/pandora/sequence/tasks.py b/pandora/sequence/tasks.py
index 1d467f01..b90c0d5a 100644
--- a/pandora/sequence/tasks.py
+++ b/pandora/sequence/tasks.py
@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 
-from six import string_types
 from django.db import connection, transaction
 from celery.task import task
 
@@ -30,7 +29,7 @@ def get_sequences(public_id):
                     sequence['duration'] = sequence['end'] - sequence['start']
                     if not keys:
                         keys = ', '.join(['"%s"'%k for k in sequence.keys()])
-                    v = ', '.join([isinstance(v, string_types) and "'%s'"%v or str(v)
+                    v = ', '.join([isinstance(v, str) and "'%s'"%v or str(v)
                                    for v in sequence.values()])
                     values.append('(%s)'%v)
             if values:
diff --git a/pandora/text/models.py b/pandora/text/models.py
index 08bf6fa0..2973ba6d 100644
--- a/pandora/text/models.py
+++ b/pandora/text/models.py
@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 
+from glob import glob
+from urllib.parse import quote
 import os
 import re
 import subprocess
-from glob import glob
 
-from six.moves.urllib.parse import quote
 from django.db import models
 from django.db.models import Max
 from django.contrib.auth import get_user_model
diff --git a/pandora/title/managers.py b/pandora/title/managers.py
index b70703a6..2c6ce6f7 100644
--- a/pandora/title/managers.py
+++ b/pandora/title/managers.py
@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 import unicodedata
 
-from six import string_types
 from django.db.models import Q, Manager
 
 from item.utils import decode_id
@@ -47,7 +46,7 @@ def parseCondition(condition, user):
             return q
     if k == 'id':
         v = decode_id(v)
-    elif isinstance(v, string_types):
+    elif isinstance(v, str):
         v = unicodedata.normalize('NFKD', v).lower()
     if isinstance(v, bool):
         key = k
diff --git a/pandora/urlalias/views.py b/pandora/urlalias/views.py
index 4e1d0989..9ed1a36c 100644
--- a/pandora/urlalias/views.py
+++ b/pandora/urlalias/views.py
@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 
+from urllib.parse import quote
 import re
 
-from six.moves.urllib.parse import quote
 from django.shortcuts import get_object_or_404, redirect
 
 import app.views
diff --git a/pandora/user/tasks.py b/pandora/user/tasks.py
index b067d58f..c1da304c 100644
--- a/pandora/user/tasks.py
+++ b/pandora/user/tasks.py
@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 
-import json
 from datetime import timedelta
+from itertools import zip_longest
+import json
 
-from six.moves import zip_longest
 from celery.task import task, periodic_task
 
 from app.utils import limit_rate