352 lines
14 KiB
Python
352 lines
14 KiB
Python
#
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# The Python Imaging Library.
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# $Id$
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#
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# BMP file handler
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#
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# Windows (and OS/2) native bitmap storage format.
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#
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# history:
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# 1995-09-01 fl Created
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# 1996-04-30 fl Added save
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# 1997-08-27 fl Fixed save of 1-bit images
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# 1998-03-06 fl Load P images as L where possible
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# 1998-07-03 fl Load P images as 1 where possible
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# 1998-12-29 fl Handle small palettes
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# 2002-12-30 fl Fixed load of 1-bit palette images
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# 2003-04-21 fl Fixed load of 1-bit monochrome images
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# 2003-04-23 fl Added limited support for BI_BITFIELDS compression
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#
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# Copyright (c) 1997-2003 by Secret Labs AB
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# Copyright (c) 1995-2003 by Fredrik Lundh
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#
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# See the README file for information on usage and redistribution.
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#
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from . import Image, ImageFile, ImagePalette
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from ._binary import i8, i16le as i16, i32le as i32, \
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o8, o16le as o16, o32le as o32
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import math
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__version__ = "0.7"
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#
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# --------------------------------------------------------------------
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# Read BMP file
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BIT2MODE = {
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# bits => mode, rawmode
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1: ("P", "P;1"),
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4: ("P", "P;4"),
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8: ("P", "P"),
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16: ("RGB", "BGR;15"),
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24: ("RGB", "BGR"),
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32: ("RGB", "BGRX"),
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}
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def _accept(prefix):
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return prefix[:2] == b"BM"
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# =============================================================================
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# Image plugin for the Windows BMP format.
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# =============================================================================
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class BmpImageFile(ImageFile.ImageFile):
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""" Image plugin for the Windows Bitmap format (BMP) """
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# ------------------------------------------------------------- Description
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format_description = "Windows Bitmap"
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format = "BMP"
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# -------------------------------------------------- BMP Compression values
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COMPRESSIONS = {
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'RAW': 0,
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'RLE8': 1,
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'RLE4': 2,
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'BITFIELDS': 3,
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'JPEG': 4,
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'PNG': 5
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}
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RAW, RLE8, RLE4, BITFIELDS, JPEG, PNG = 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
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def _bitmap(self, header=0, offset=0):
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""" Read relevant info about the BMP """
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read, seek = self.fp.read, self.fp.seek
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if header:
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seek(header)
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file_info = {}
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# read bmp header size @offset 14 (this is part of the header size)
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file_info['header_size'] = i32(read(4))
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file_info['direction'] = -1
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# -------------------- If requested, read header at a specific position
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# read the rest of the bmp header, without its size
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header_data = ImageFile._safe_read(self.fp,
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file_info['header_size'] - 4)
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# -------------------------------------------------- IBM OS/2 Bitmap v1
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# ----- This format has different offsets because of width/height types
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if file_info['header_size'] == 12:
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file_info['width'] = i16(header_data[0:2])
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file_info['height'] = i16(header_data[2:4])
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file_info['planes'] = i16(header_data[4:6])
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file_info['bits'] = i16(header_data[6:8])
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file_info['compression'] = self.RAW
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file_info['palette_padding'] = 3
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# --------------------------------------------- Windows Bitmap v2 to v5
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# v3, OS/2 v2, v4, v5
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elif file_info['header_size'] in (40, 64, 108, 124):
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if file_info['header_size'] >= 40: # v3 and OS/2
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file_info['y_flip'] = i8(header_data[7]) == 0xff
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file_info['direction'] = 1 if file_info['y_flip'] else -1
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file_info['width'] = i32(header_data[0:4])
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file_info['height'] = (i32(header_data[4:8])
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if not file_info['y_flip']
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else 2**32 - i32(header_data[4:8]))
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file_info['planes'] = i16(header_data[8:10])
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file_info['bits'] = i16(header_data[10:12])
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file_info['compression'] = i32(header_data[12:16])
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# byte size of pixel data
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file_info['data_size'] = i32(header_data[16:20])
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file_info['pixels_per_meter'] = (i32(header_data[20:24]),
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i32(header_data[24:28]))
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file_info['colors'] = i32(header_data[28:32])
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file_info['palette_padding'] = 4
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self.info["dpi"] = tuple(
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map(lambda x: int(math.ceil(x / 39.3701)),
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file_info['pixels_per_meter']))
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if file_info['compression'] == self.BITFIELDS:
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if len(header_data) >= 52:
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for idx, mask in enumerate(['r_mask',
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'g_mask',
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'b_mask',
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'a_mask']):
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file_info[mask] = i32(
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header_data[36 + idx * 4:40 + idx * 4]
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)
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else:
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# 40 byte headers only have the three components in the
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# bitfields masks, ref:
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# https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/dd183376(v=vs.85).aspx
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# See also
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# https://github.com/python-pillow/Pillow/issues/1293
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# There is a 4th component in the RGBQuad, in the alpha
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# location, but it is listed as a reserved component,
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# and it is not generally an alpha channel
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file_info['a_mask'] = 0x0
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for mask in ['r_mask', 'g_mask', 'b_mask']:
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file_info[mask] = i32(read(4))
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file_info['rgb_mask'] = (file_info['r_mask'],
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file_info['g_mask'],
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file_info['b_mask'])
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file_info['rgba_mask'] = (file_info['r_mask'],
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file_info['g_mask'],
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file_info['b_mask'],
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file_info['a_mask'])
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else:
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raise IOError("Unsupported BMP header type (%d)" %
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file_info['header_size'])
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# ------------------ Special case : header is reported 40, which
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# ---------------------- is shorter than real size for bpp >= 16
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self._size = file_info['width'], file_info['height']
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# ------- If color count was not found in the header, compute from bits
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file_info["colors"] = (file_info["colors"]
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if file_info.get("colors", 0)
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else (1 << file_info["bits"]))
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# ------------------------------- Check abnormal values for DOS attacks
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if file_info['width'] * file_info['height'] > 2**31:
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raise IOError("Unsupported BMP Size: (%dx%d)" % self.size)
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# ---------------------- Check bit depth for unusual unsupported values
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self.mode, raw_mode = BIT2MODE.get(file_info['bits'], (None, None))
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if self.mode is None:
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raise IOError("Unsupported BMP pixel depth (%d)"
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% file_info['bits'])
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# ---------------- Process BMP with Bitfields compression (not palette)
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if file_info['compression'] == self.BITFIELDS:
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SUPPORTED = {
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32: [(0xff0000, 0xff00, 0xff, 0x0),
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(0xff0000, 0xff00, 0xff, 0xff000000),
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(0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0),
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(0xff000000, 0xff0000, 0xff00, 0x0)],
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24: [(0xff0000, 0xff00, 0xff)],
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16: [(0xf800, 0x7e0, 0x1f), (0x7c00, 0x3e0, 0x1f)]
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}
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MASK_MODES = {
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(32, (0xff0000, 0xff00, 0xff, 0x0)): "BGRX",
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(32, (0xff000000, 0xff0000, 0xff00, 0x0)): "XBGR",
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(32, (0xff0000, 0xff00, 0xff, 0xff000000)): "BGRA",
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(32, (0x0, 0x0, 0x0, 0x0)): "BGRA",
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(24, (0xff0000, 0xff00, 0xff)): "BGR",
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(16, (0xf800, 0x7e0, 0x1f)): "BGR;16",
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(16, (0x7c00, 0x3e0, 0x1f)): "BGR;15"
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}
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if file_info['bits'] in SUPPORTED:
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if file_info['bits'] == 32 and \
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file_info['rgba_mask'] in SUPPORTED[file_info['bits']]:
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raw_mode = MASK_MODES[
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(file_info["bits"], file_info["rgba_mask"])
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]
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self.mode = "RGBA" if raw_mode in ("BGRA",) else self.mode
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elif (file_info['bits'] in (24, 16) and
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file_info['rgb_mask'] in SUPPORTED[file_info['bits']]):
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raw_mode = MASK_MODES[
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(file_info['bits'], file_info['rgb_mask'])
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]
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else:
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raise IOError("Unsupported BMP bitfields layout")
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else:
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raise IOError("Unsupported BMP bitfields layout")
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elif file_info['compression'] == self.RAW:
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if file_info['bits'] == 32 and header == 22: # 32-bit .cur offset
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raw_mode, self.mode = "BGRA", "RGBA"
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else:
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raise IOError("Unsupported BMP compression (%d)" %
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file_info['compression'])
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# --------------- Once the header is processed, process the palette/LUT
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if self.mode == "P": # Paletted for 1, 4 and 8 bit images
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# ---------------------------------------------------- 1-bit images
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if not (0 < file_info['colors'] <= 65536):
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raise IOError("Unsupported BMP Palette size (%d)" %
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file_info['colors'])
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else:
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padding = file_info['palette_padding']
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palette = read(padding * file_info['colors'])
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greyscale = True
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indices = (0, 255) if file_info['colors'] == 2 else \
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list(range(file_info['colors']))
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# ----------------- Check if greyscale and ignore palette if so
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for ind, val in enumerate(indices):
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rgb = palette[ind*padding:ind*padding + 3]
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if rgb != o8(val) * 3:
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greyscale = False
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# ------- If all colors are grey, white or black, ditch palette
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if greyscale:
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self.mode = "1" if file_info['colors'] == 2 else "L"
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raw_mode = self.mode
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else:
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self.mode = "P"
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self.palette = ImagePalette.raw(
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"BGRX" if padding == 4 else "BGR", palette)
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# ---------------------------- Finally set the tile data for the plugin
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self.info['compression'] = file_info['compression']
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self.tile = [
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('raw',
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(0, 0, file_info['width'], file_info['height']),
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offset or self.fp.tell(),
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(raw_mode,
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((file_info['width'] * file_info['bits'] + 31) >> 3) & (~3),
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file_info['direction']))
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]
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def _open(self):
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""" Open file, check magic number and read header """
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# read 14 bytes: magic number, filesize, reserved, header final offset
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head_data = self.fp.read(14)
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# choke if the file does not have the required magic bytes
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if head_data[0:2] != b"BM":
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raise SyntaxError("Not a BMP file")
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# read the start position of the BMP image data (u32)
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offset = i32(head_data[10:14])
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# load bitmap information (offset=raster info)
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self._bitmap(offset=offset)
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# =============================================================================
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# Image plugin for the DIB format (BMP alias)
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# =============================================================================
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class DibImageFile(BmpImageFile):
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format = "DIB"
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format_description = "Windows Bitmap"
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def _open(self):
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self._bitmap()
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#
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# --------------------------------------------------------------------
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# Write BMP file
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SAVE = {
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"1": ("1", 1, 2),
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"L": ("L", 8, 256),
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"P": ("P", 8, 256),
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"RGB": ("BGR", 24, 0),
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"RGBA": ("BGRA", 32, 0),
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}
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def _save(im, fp, filename):
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try:
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rawmode, bits, colors = SAVE[im.mode]
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except KeyError:
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raise IOError("cannot write mode %s as BMP" % im.mode)
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info = im.encoderinfo
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dpi = info.get("dpi", (96, 96))
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# 1 meter == 39.3701 inches
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ppm = tuple(map(lambda x: int(x * 39.3701), dpi))
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stride = ((im.size[0]*bits+7)//8+3) & (~3)
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header = 40 # or 64 for OS/2 version 2
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offset = 14 + header + colors * 4
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image = stride * im.size[1]
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# bitmap header
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fp.write(b"BM" + # file type (magic)
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o32(offset+image) + # file size
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o32(0) + # reserved
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o32(offset)) # image data offset
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# bitmap info header
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fp.write(o32(header) + # info header size
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o32(im.size[0]) + # width
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o32(im.size[1]) + # height
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o16(1) + # planes
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o16(bits) + # depth
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o32(0) + # compression (0=uncompressed)
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o32(image) + # size of bitmap
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o32(ppm[0]) + o32(ppm[1]) + # resolution
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o32(colors) + # colors used
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o32(colors)) # colors important
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fp.write(b"\0" * (header - 40)) # padding (for OS/2 format)
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if im.mode == "1":
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for i in (0, 255):
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fp.write(o8(i) * 4)
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elif im.mode == "L":
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for i in range(256):
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fp.write(o8(i) * 4)
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elif im.mode == "P":
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fp.write(im.im.getpalette("RGB", "BGRX"))
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ImageFile._save(im, fp, [("raw", (0, 0)+im.size, 0,
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(rawmode, stride, -1))])
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#
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# --------------------------------------------------------------------
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# Registry
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Image.register_open(BmpImageFile.format, BmpImageFile, _accept)
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Image.register_save(BmpImageFile.format, _save)
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Image.register_extension(BmpImageFile.format, ".bmp")
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Image.register_mime(BmpImageFile.format, "image/bmp")
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