577 lines
23 KiB
Python
577 lines
23 KiB
Python
r"""JSON (JavaScript Object Notation) <http://json.org> is a subset of
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JavaScript syntax (ECMA-262 3rd edition) used as a lightweight data
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interchange format.
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:mod:`simplejson` exposes an API familiar to users of the standard library
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:mod:`marshal` and :mod:`pickle` modules. It is the externally maintained
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version of the :mod:`json` library contained in Python 2.6, but maintains
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compatibility back to Python 2.5 and (currently) has significant performance
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advantages, even without using the optional C extension for speedups.
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Encoding basic Python object hierarchies::
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>>> import simplejson as json
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>>> json.dumps(['foo', {'bar': ('baz', None, 1.0, 2)}])
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'["foo", {"bar": ["baz", null, 1.0, 2]}]'
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>>> print(json.dumps("\"foo\bar"))
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"\"foo\bar"
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>>> print(json.dumps(u'\u1234'))
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"\u1234"
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>>> print(json.dumps('\\'))
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"\\"
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>>> print(json.dumps({"c": 0, "b": 0, "a": 0}, sort_keys=True))
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{"a": 0, "b": 0, "c": 0}
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>>> from simplejson.compat import StringIO
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>>> io = StringIO()
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>>> json.dump(['streaming API'], io)
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>>> io.getvalue()
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'["streaming API"]'
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Compact encoding::
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>>> import simplejson as json
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>>> obj = [1,2,3,{'4': 5, '6': 7}]
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>>> json.dumps(obj, separators=(',',':'), sort_keys=True)
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'[1,2,3,{"4":5,"6":7}]'
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Pretty printing::
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>>> import simplejson as json
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>>> print(json.dumps({'4': 5, '6': 7}, sort_keys=True, indent=' '))
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{
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"4": 5,
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"6": 7
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}
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Decoding JSON::
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>>> import simplejson as json
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>>> obj = [u'foo', {u'bar': [u'baz', None, 1.0, 2]}]
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>>> json.loads('["foo", {"bar":["baz", null, 1.0, 2]}]') == obj
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True
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>>> json.loads('"\\"foo\\bar"') == u'"foo\x08ar'
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True
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>>> from simplejson.compat import StringIO
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>>> io = StringIO('["streaming API"]')
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>>> json.load(io)[0] == 'streaming API'
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True
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Specializing JSON object decoding::
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>>> import simplejson as json
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>>> def as_complex(dct):
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... if '__complex__' in dct:
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... return complex(dct['real'], dct['imag'])
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... return dct
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...
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>>> json.loads('{"__complex__": true, "real": 1, "imag": 2}',
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... object_hook=as_complex)
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(1+2j)
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>>> from decimal import Decimal
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>>> json.loads('1.1', parse_float=Decimal) == Decimal('1.1')
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True
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Specializing JSON object encoding::
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>>> import simplejson as json
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>>> def encode_complex(obj):
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... if isinstance(obj, complex):
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... return [obj.real, obj.imag]
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... raise TypeError('Object of type %s is not JSON serializable' %
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... obj.__class__.__name__)
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...
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>>> json.dumps(2 + 1j, default=encode_complex)
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'[2.0, 1.0]'
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>>> json.JSONEncoder(default=encode_complex).encode(2 + 1j)
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'[2.0, 1.0]'
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>>> ''.join(json.JSONEncoder(default=encode_complex).iterencode(2 + 1j))
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'[2.0, 1.0]'
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Using simplejson.tool from the shell to validate and pretty-print::
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$ echo '{"json":"obj"}' | python -m simplejson.tool
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{
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"json": "obj"
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}
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$ echo '{ 1.2:3.4}' | python -m simplejson.tool
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Expecting property name: line 1 column 3 (char 2)
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"""
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from __future__ import absolute_import
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__version__ = '3.16.0'
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__all__ = [
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'dump', 'dumps', 'load', 'loads',
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'JSONDecoder', 'JSONDecodeError', 'JSONEncoder',
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'OrderedDict', 'simple_first', 'RawJSON'
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]
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__author__ = 'Bob Ippolito <bob@redivi.com>'
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from decimal import Decimal
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from .errors import JSONDecodeError
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from .raw_json import RawJSON
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from .decoder import JSONDecoder
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from .encoder import JSONEncoder, JSONEncoderForHTML
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def _import_OrderedDict():
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import collections
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try:
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return collections.OrderedDict
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except AttributeError:
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from . import ordered_dict
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return ordered_dict.OrderedDict
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OrderedDict = _import_OrderedDict()
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def _import_c_make_encoder():
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try:
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from ._speedups import make_encoder
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return make_encoder
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except ImportError:
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return None
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_default_encoder = JSONEncoder(
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skipkeys=False,
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ensure_ascii=True,
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check_circular=True,
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allow_nan=True,
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indent=None,
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separators=None,
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encoding='utf-8',
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default=None,
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use_decimal=True,
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namedtuple_as_object=True,
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tuple_as_array=True,
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iterable_as_array=False,
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bigint_as_string=False,
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item_sort_key=None,
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for_json=False,
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ignore_nan=False,
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int_as_string_bitcount=None,
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)
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def dump(obj, fp, skipkeys=False, ensure_ascii=True, check_circular=True,
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allow_nan=True, cls=None, indent=None, separators=None,
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encoding='utf-8', default=None, use_decimal=True,
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namedtuple_as_object=True, tuple_as_array=True,
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bigint_as_string=False, sort_keys=False, item_sort_key=None,
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for_json=False, ignore_nan=False, int_as_string_bitcount=None,
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iterable_as_array=False, **kw):
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"""Serialize ``obj`` as a JSON formatted stream to ``fp`` (a
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``.write()``-supporting file-like object).
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If *skipkeys* is true then ``dict`` keys that are not basic types
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(``str``, ``unicode``, ``int``, ``long``, ``float``, ``bool``, ``None``)
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will be skipped instead of raising a ``TypeError``.
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If *ensure_ascii* is false, then the some chunks written to ``fp``
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may be ``unicode`` instances, subject to normal Python ``str`` to
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``unicode`` coercion rules. Unless ``fp.write()`` explicitly
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understands ``unicode`` (as in ``codecs.getwriter()``) this is likely
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to cause an error.
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If *check_circular* is false, then the circular reference check
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for container types will be skipped and a circular reference will
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result in an ``OverflowError`` (or worse).
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If *allow_nan* is false, then it will be a ``ValueError`` to
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serialize out of range ``float`` values (``nan``, ``inf``, ``-inf``)
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in strict compliance of the original JSON specification, instead of using
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the JavaScript equivalents (``NaN``, ``Infinity``, ``-Infinity``). See
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*ignore_nan* for ECMA-262 compliant behavior.
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If *indent* is a string, then JSON array elements and object members
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will be pretty-printed with a newline followed by that string repeated
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for each level of nesting. ``None`` (the default) selects the most compact
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representation without any newlines. For backwards compatibility with
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versions of simplejson earlier than 2.1.0, an integer is also accepted
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and is converted to a string with that many spaces.
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If specified, *separators* should be an
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``(item_separator, key_separator)`` tuple. The default is ``(', ', ': ')``
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if *indent* is ``None`` and ``(',', ': ')`` otherwise. To get the most
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compact JSON representation, you should specify ``(',', ':')`` to eliminate
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whitespace.
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*encoding* is the character encoding for str instances, default is UTF-8.
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*default(obj)* is a function that should return a serializable version
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of obj or raise ``TypeError``. The default simply raises ``TypeError``.
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If *use_decimal* is true (default: ``True``) then decimal.Decimal
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will be natively serialized to JSON with full precision.
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If *namedtuple_as_object* is true (default: ``True``),
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:class:`tuple` subclasses with ``_asdict()`` methods will be encoded
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as JSON objects.
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If *tuple_as_array* is true (default: ``True``),
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:class:`tuple` (and subclasses) will be encoded as JSON arrays.
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If *iterable_as_array* is true (default: ``False``),
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any object not in the above table that implements ``__iter__()``
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will be encoded as a JSON array.
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If *bigint_as_string* is true (default: ``False``), ints 2**53 and higher
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or lower than -2**53 will be encoded as strings. This is to avoid the
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rounding that happens in Javascript otherwise. Note that this is still a
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lossy operation that will not round-trip correctly and should be used
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sparingly.
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If *int_as_string_bitcount* is a positive number (n), then int of size
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greater than or equal to 2**n or lower than or equal to -2**n will be
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encoded as strings.
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If specified, *item_sort_key* is a callable used to sort the items in
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each dictionary. This is useful if you want to sort items other than
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in alphabetical order by key. This option takes precedence over
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*sort_keys*.
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If *sort_keys* is true (default: ``False``), the output of dictionaries
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will be sorted by item.
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If *for_json* is true (default: ``False``), objects with a ``for_json()``
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method will use the return value of that method for encoding as JSON
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instead of the object.
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If *ignore_nan* is true (default: ``False``), then out of range
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:class:`float` values (``nan``, ``inf``, ``-inf``) will be serialized as
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``null`` in compliance with the ECMA-262 specification. If true, this will
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override *allow_nan*.
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To use a custom ``JSONEncoder`` subclass (e.g. one that overrides the
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``.default()`` method to serialize additional types), specify it with
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the ``cls`` kwarg. NOTE: You should use *default* or *for_json* instead
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of subclassing whenever possible.
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"""
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# cached encoder
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if (not skipkeys and ensure_ascii and
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check_circular and allow_nan and
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cls is None and indent is None and separators is None and
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encoding == 'utf-8' and default is None and use_decimal
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and namedtuple_as_object and tuple_as_array and not iterable_as_array
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and not bigint_as_string and not sort_keys
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and not item_sort_key and not for_json
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and not ignore_nan and int_as_string_bitcount is None
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and not kw
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):
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iterable = _default_encoder.iterencode(obj)
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else:
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if cls is None:
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cls = JSONEncoder
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iterable = cls(skipkeys=skipkeys, ensure_ascii=ensure_ascii,
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check_circular=check_circular, allow_nan=allow_nan, indent=indent,
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separators=separators, encoding=encoding,
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default=default, use_decimal=use_decimal,
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namedtuple_as_object=namedtuple_as_object,
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tuple_as_array=tuple_as_array,
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iterable_as_array=iterable_as_array,
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bigint_as_string=bigint_as_string,
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sort_keys=sort_keys,
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item_sort_key=item_sort_key,
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for_json=for_json,
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ignore_nan=ignore_nan,
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int_as_string_bitcount=int_as_string_bitcount,
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**kw).iterencode(obj)
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# could accelerate with writelines in some versions of Python, at
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# a debuggability cost
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for chunk in iterable:
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fp.write(chunk)
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def dumps(obj, skipkeys=False, ensure_ascii=True, check_circular=True,
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allow_nan=True, cls=None, indent=None, separators=None,
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encoding='utf-8', default=None, use_decimal=True,
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namedtuple_as_object=True, tuple_as_array=True,
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bigint_as_string=False, sort_keys=False, item_sort_key=None,
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for_json=False, ignore_nan=False, int_as_string_bitcount=None,
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iterable_as_array=False, **kw):
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"""Serialize ``obj`` to a JSON formatted ``str``.
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If ``skipkeys`` is false then ``dict`` keys that are not basic types
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(``str``, ``unicode``, ``int``, ``long``, ``float``, ``bool``, ``None``)
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will be skipped instead of raising a ``TypeError``.
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If ``ensure_ascii`` is false, then the return value will be a
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``unicode`` instance subject to normal Python ``str`` to ``unicode``
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coercion rules instead of being escaped to an ASCII ``str``.
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If ``check_circular`` is false, then the circular reference check
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for container types will be skipped and a circular reference will
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|
result in an ``OverflowError`` (or worse).
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|
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|
If ``allow_nan`` is false, then it will be a ``ValueError`` to
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serialize out of range ``float`` values (``nan``, ``inf``, ``-inf``) in
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strict compliance of the JSON specification, instead of using the
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JavaScript equivalents (``NaN``, ``Infinity``, ``-Infinity``).
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|
|
|
If ``indent`` is a string, then JSON array elements and object members
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|
will be pretty-printed with a newline followed by that string repeated
|
|
for each level of nesting. ``None`` (the default) selects the most compact
|
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representation without any newlines. For backwards compatibility with
|
|
versions of simplejson earlier than 2.1.0, an integer is also accepted
|
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and is converted to a string with that many spaces.
|
|
|
|
If specified, ``separators`` should be an
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|
``(item_separator, key_separator)`` tuple. The default is ``(', ', ': ')``
|
|
if *indent* is ``None`` and ``(',', ': ')`` otherwise. To get the most
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|
compact JSON representation, you should specify ``(',', ':')`` to eliminate
|
|
whitespace.
|
|
|
|
``encoding`` is the character encoding for str instances, default is UTF-8.
|
|
|
|
``default(obj)`` is a function that should return a serializable version
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of obj or raise TypeError. The default simply raises TypeError.
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|
|
If *use_decimal* is true (default: ``True``) then decimal.Decimal
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|
will be natively serialized to JSON with full precision.
|
|
|
|
If *namedtuple_as_object* is true (default: ``True``),
|
|
:class:`tuple` subclasses with ``_asdict()`` methods will be encoded
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as JSON objects.
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|
If *tuple_as_array* is true (default: ``True``),
|
|
:class:`tuple` (and subclasses) will be encoded as JSON arrays.
|
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|
If *iterable_as_array* is true (default: ``False``),
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any object not in the above table that implements ``__iter__()``
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will be encoded as a JSON array.
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|
|
|
If *bigint_as_string* is true (not the default), ints 2**53 and higher
|
|
or lower than -2**53 will be encoded as strings. This is to avoid the
|
|
rounding that happens in Javascript otherwise.
|
|
|
|
If *int_as_string_bitcount* is a positive number (n), then int of size
|
|
greater than or equal to 2**n or lower than or equal to -2**n will be
|
|
encoded as strings.
|
|
|
|
If specified, *item_sort_key* is a callable used to sort the items in
|
|
each dictionary. This is useful if you want to sort items other than
|
|
in alphabetical order by key. This option takes precendence over
|
|
*sort_keys*.
|
|
|
|
If *sort_keys* is true (default: ``False``), the output of dictionaries
|
|
will be sorted by item.
|
|
|
|
If *for_json* is true (default: ``False``), objects with a ``for_json()``
|
|
method will use the return value of that method for encoding as JSON
|
|
instead of the object.
|
|
|
|
If *ignore_nan* is true (default: ``False``), then out of range
|
|
:class:`float` values (``nan``, ``inf``, ``-inf``) will be serialized as
|
|
``null`` in compliance with the ECMA-262 specification. If true, this will
|
|
override *allow_nan*.
|
|
|
|
To use a custom ``JSONEncoder`` subclass (e.g. one that overrides the
|
|
``.default()`` method to serialize additional types), specify it with
|
|
the ``cls`` kwarg. NOTE: You should use *default* instead of subclassing
|
|
whenever possible.
|
|
|
|
"""
|
|
# cached encoder
|
|
if (not skipkeys and ensure_ascii and
|
|
check_circular and allow_nan and
|
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cls is None and indent is None and separators is None and
|
|
encoding == 'utf-8' and default is None and use_decimal
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|
and namedtuple_as_object and tuple_as_array and not iterable_as_array
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|
and not bigint_as_string and not sort_keys
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and not item_sort_key and not for_json
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and not ignore_nan and int_as_string_bitcount is None
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and not kw
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):
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return _default_encoder.encode(obj)
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if cls is None:
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cls = JSONEncoder
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return cls(
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skipkeys=skipkeys, ensure_ascii=ensure_ascii,
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check_circular=check_circular, allow_nan=allow_nan, indent=indent,
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separators=separators, encoding=encoding, default=default,
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use_decimal=use_decimal,
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namedtuple_as_object=namedtuple_as_object,
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tuple_as_array=tuple_as_array,
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iterable_as_array=iterable_as_array,
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bigint_as_string=bigint_as_string,
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sort_keys=sort_keys,
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|
item_sort_key=item_sort_key,
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for_json=for_json,
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ignore_nan=ignore_nan,
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int_as_string_bitcount=int_as_string_bitcount,
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**kw).encode(obj)
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|
|
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_default_decoder = JSONDecoder(encoding=None, object_hook=None,
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object_pairs_hook=None)
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|
|
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def load(fp, encoding=None, cls=None, object_hook=None, parse_float=None,
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parse_int=None, parse_constant=None, object_pairs_hook=None,
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use_decimal=False, namedtuple_as_object=True, tuple_as_array=True,
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**kw):
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"""Deserialize ``fp`` (a ``.read()``-supporting file-like object containing
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a JSON document) to a Python object.
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|
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|
*encoding* determines the encoding used to interpret any
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|
:class:`str` objects decoded by this instance (``'utf-8'`` by
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|
default). It has no effect when decoding :class:`unicode` objects.
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|
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|
Note that currently only encodings that are a superset of ASCII work,
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|
strings of other encodings should be passed in as :class:`unicode`.
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*object_hook*, if specified, will be called with the result of every
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JSON object decoded and its return value will be used in place of the
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given :class:`dict`. This can be used to provide custom
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deserializations (e.g. to support JSON-RPC class hinting).
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*object_pairs_hook* is an optional function that will be called with
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the result of any object literal decode with an ordered list of pairs.
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|
The return value of *object_pairs_hook* will be used instead of the
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:class:`dict`. This feature can be used to implement custom decoders
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|
that rely on the order that the key and value pairs are decoded (for
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|
example, :func:`collections.OrderedDict` will remember the order of
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insertion). If *object_hook* is also defined, the *object_pairs_hook*
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|
takes priority.
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|
*parse_float*, if specified, will be called with the string of every
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JSON float to be decoded. By default, this is equivalent to
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|
``float(num_str)``. This can be used to use another datatype or parser
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|
for JSON floats (e.g. :class:`decimal.Decimal`).
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|
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|
*parse_int*, if specified, will be called with the string of every
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JSON int to be decoded. By default, this is equivalent to
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|
``int(num_str)``. This can be used to use another datatype or parser
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|
for JSON integers (e.g. :class:`float`).
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|
*parse_constant*, if specified, will be called with one of the
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|
following strings: ``'-Infinity'``, ``'Infinity'``, ``'NaN'``. This
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|
can be used to raise an exception if invalid JSON numbers are
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|
encountered.
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|
If *use_decimal* is true (default: ``False``) then it implies
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parse_float=decimal.Decimal for parity with ``dump``.
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|
|
To use a custom ``JSONDecoder`` subclass, specify it with the ``cls``
|
|
kwarg. NOTE: You should use *object_hook* or *object_pairs_hook* instead
|
|
of subclassing whenever possible.
|
|
|
|
"""
|
|
return loads(fp.read(),
|
|
encoding=encoding, cls=cls, object_hook=object_hook,
|
|
parse_float=parse_float, parse_int=parse_int,
|
|
parse_constant=parse_constant, object_pairs_hook=object_pairs_hook,
|
|
use_decimal=use_decimal, **kw)
|
|
|
|
|
|
def loads(s, encoding=None, cls=None, object_hook=None, parse_float=None,
|
|
parse_int=None, parse_constant=None, object_pairs_hook=None,
|
|
use_decimal=False, **kw):
|
|
"""Deserialize ``s`` (a ``str`` or ``unicode`` instance containing a JSON
|
|
document) to a Python object.
|
|
|
|
*encoding* determines the encoding used to interpret any
|
|
:class:`str` objects decoded by this instance (``'utf-8'`` by
|
|
default). It has no effect when decoding :class:`unicode` objects.
|
|
|
|
Note that currently only encodings that are a superset of ASCII work,
|
|
strings of other encodings should be passed in as :class:`unicode`.
|
|
|
|
*object_hook*, if specified, will be called with the result of every
|
|
JSON object decoded and its return value will be used in place of the
|
|
given :class:`dict`. This can be used to provide custom
|
|
deserializations (e.g. to support JSON-RPC class hinting).
|
|
|
|
*object_pairs_hook* is an optional function that will be called with
|
|
the result of any object literal decode with an ordered list of pairs.
|
|
The return value of *object_pairs_hook* will be used instead of the
|
|
:class:`dict`. This feature can be used to implement custom decoders
|
|
that rely on the order that the key and value pairs are decoded (for
|
|
example, :func:`collections.OrderedDict` will remember the order of
|
|
insertion). If *object_hook* is also defined, the *object_pairs_hook*
|
|
takes priority.
|
|
|
|
*parse_float*, if specified, will be called with the string of every
|
|
JSON float to be decoded. By default, this is equivalent to
|
|
``float(num_str)``. This can be used to use another datatype or parser
|
|
for JSON floats (e.g. :class:`decimal.Decimal`).
|
|
|
|
*parse_int*, if specified, will be called with the string of every
|
|
JSON int to be decoded. By default, this is equivalent to
|
|
``int(num_str)``. This can be used to use another datatype or parser
|
|
for JSON integers (e.g. :class:`float`).
|
|
|
|
*parse_constant*, if specified, will be called with one of the
|
|
following strings: ``'-Infinity'``, ``'Infinity'``, ``'NaN'``. This
|
|
can be used to raise an exception if invalid JSON numbers are
|
|
encountered.
|
|
|
|
If *use_decimal* is true (default: ``False``) then it implies
|
|
parse_float=decimal.Decimal for parity with ``dump``.
|
|
|
|
To use a custom ``JSONDecoder`` subclass, specify it with the ``cls``
|
|
kwarg. NOTE: You should use *object_hook* or *object_pairs_hook* instead
|
|
of subclassing whenever possible.
|
|
|
|
"""
|
|
if (cls is None and encoding is None and object_hook is None and
|
|
parse_int is None and parse_float is None and
|
|
parse_constant is None and object_pairs_hook is None
|
|
and not use_decimal and not kw):
|
|
return _default_decoder.decode(s)
|
|
if cls is None:
|
|
cls = JSONDecoder
|
|
if object_hook is not None:
|
|
kw['object_hook'] = object_hook
|
|
if object_pairs_hook is not None:
|
|
kw['object_pairs_hook'] = object_pairs_hook
|
|
if parse_float is not None:
|
|
kw['parse_float'] = parse_float
|
|
if parse_int is not None:
|
|
kw['parse_int'] = parse_int
|
|
if parse_constant is not None:
|
|
kw['parse_constant'] = parse_constant
|
|
if use_decimal:
|
|
if parse_float is not None:
|
|
raise TypeError("use_decimal=True implies parse_float=Decimal")
|
|
kw['parse_float'] = Decimal
|
|
return cls(encoding=encoding, **kw).decode(s)
|
|
|
|
|
|
def _toggle_speedups(enabled):
|
|
from . import decoder as dec
|
|
from . import encoder as enc
|
|
from . import scanner as scan
|
|
c_make_encoder = _import_c_make_encoder()
|
|
if enabled:
|
|
dec.scanstring = dec.c_scanstring or dec.py_scanstring
|
|
enc.c_make_encoder = c_make_encoder
|
|
enc.encode_basestring_ascii = (enc.c_encode_basestring_ascii or
|
|
enc.py_encode_basestring_ascii)
|
|
scan.make_scanner = scan.c_make_scanner or scan.py_make_scanner
|
|
else:
|
|
dec.scanstring = dec.py_scanstring
|
|
enc.c_make_encoder = None
|
|
enc.encode_basestring_ascii = enc.py_encode_basestring_ascii
|
|
scan.make_scanner = scan.py_make_scanner
|
|
dec.make_scanner = scan.make_scanner
|
|
global _default_decoder
|
|
_default_decoder = JSONDecoder(
|
|
encoding=None,
|
|
object_hook=None,
|
|
object_pairs_hook=None,
|
|
)
|
|
global _default_encoder
|
|
_default_encoder = JSONEncoder(
|
|
skipkeys=False,
|
|
ensure_ascii=True,
|
|
check_circular=True,
|
|
allow_nan=True,
|
|
indent=None,
|
|
separators=None,
|
|
encoding='utf-8',
|
|
default=None,
|
|
)
|
|
|
|
def simple_first(kv):
|
|
"""Helper function to pass to item_sort_key to sort simple
|
|
elements to the top, then container elements.
|
|
"""
|
|
return (isinstance(kv[1], (list, dict, tuple)), kv[0])
|