49 lines
1.7 KiB
ReStructuredText
49 lines
1.7 KiB
ReStructuredText
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Certifi: Python SSL Certificates
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================================
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`Certifi`_ is a carefully curated collection of Root Certificates for
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validating the trustworthiness of SSL certificates while verifying the identity
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of TLS hosts. It has been extracted from the `Requests`_ project.
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Installation
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------------
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``certifi`` is available on PyPI. Simply install it with ``pip``::
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$ pip install certifi
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Usage
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-----
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To reference the installed CA Bundle, you can use the built-in function::
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>>> import certifi
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>>> certifi.where()
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'/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/certifi/cacert.pem'
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Enjoy!
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1024-bit Root Certificates
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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Browsers and certificate authorities have concluded that 1024-bit keys are
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unacceptably weak for certificates, particularly root certificates. For this
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reason, Mozilla has removed any weak (i.e. 1024-bit key) certificate from its
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bundle, replacing it with an equivalent strong (i.e. 2048-bit or greater key)
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certifiate from the same CA. Because Mozilla removed these certificates from
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its bundle, ``certifi`` removed them as well.
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Unfortunately, old versions of OpenSSL (less than 1.0.2) sometimes fail to
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validate certificate chains that use the strong roots. For this reason, if you
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fail to validate a certificate using the ``certifi.where()`` mechanism, you can
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intentionally re-add the 1024-bit roots back into your bundle by calling
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``certifi.old_where()`` instead. This is not recommended in production: if at
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all possible you should upgrade to a newer OpenSSL. However, if you have no
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other option, this may work for you.
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.. _`Certifi`: http://certifi.io/en/latest/
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.. _`Requests`: http://docs.python-requests.org/en/latest/
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